The unpaired nucleotides produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred to as ____

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The correct option is B Sticky endsRestriction enzyme is also called restriction endonuclease, aprotein produced by bacteria that cleaves DNA at specific sites along the molecule. They recognize and bind to specific sequences of DNA, called restriction sites. Each restriction enzyme recognizes just one or a few restriction sites. The unpaired nucleotide produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred as sticky ends. Sticky ends are very useful in rDNA because they can be used to join two different fragments of DNA that were isolated by the same restriction enzyme. So, the correct answer is "sticky ends"
What do you call an unpaired nucleotide produced by the action of restriction enzyme?
Which enzymes produce DNA ends with unpaired nucleotide basses?
What is the enzymatic function of restriction enzymes?
What enzyme forms a bond between restriction fragments?

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Solution

The correct option is B Sticky endsRestriction enzyme is also called restriction endonuclease, aprotein produced by bacteria that cleaves DNA at specific sites along the molecule. They recognize and bind to specific sequences of DNA, called restriction sites. Each restriction enzyme recognizes just one or a few restriction sites. The unpaired nucleotide produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred as sticky ends. Sticky ends are very useful in rDNA because they can be used to join two different fragments of DNA that were isolated by the same restriction enzyme. So, the correct answer is "sticky ends"

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The unpaired nucleotides produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred to as _____.

They are called sticky ends since they will "stick" to a complementary single-stranded sequence.

"Sticky ends" are very useful in genetic engineering because they _____.

they provide a site for complementary base pairing so that pieces of DNA can be linked together
the sticky ends of restriction fragments allow hydrogen bonds with complementary single-stranded stretches on other DNA molecules cut with the same enzyme.

-ACGT
The matching of sticky ends follows the rules of specific base pairing.

Summarizes the process of creating recombinant DNA

In a PCR reaction, the strands of DNA are first separated by ___.

Heat separates the DNA strands.

When is PCR particularly applicable?

When there are small quantities of DNA to analyze
PCR is used to amplify DNA.

What is the correct sequence of events that occur in a PCR reaction?

separation of DNA strands; addition of primers; use of DNA polymerase to produce second strand of DNA

DNA polymerase is a heat-sensitive enzyme. What is one thing that would need to be considered concerning the activity of this enzyme in PCR when the temperature is heated during each cycle to separate the DNA strands?

The DNA polymerase enzyme could be denatured by heat.

In gel electrophoresis DNA molecules migrate from _____ to _____ ends of the gel.

negative to positive
An electrical current is generated across the gel, and DNA molecules migrate from the negative end toward the positive end.

What is the shorter DNA molecule?

E
The shorter the DNA molecule, the farther it moves.

What enzyme forms covalent bonds between restriction fragments?

DNA ligase catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds between restriction fragments.

How does a bacterium take up a plasmid?

Transformation is the process by which a bacterium takes up a plasmid from the surrounding solution.

In order to insert a human gene into a plasmid, both must _____

be cut by the same restriction enzyme

The "normal" function of restriction enzymes in cells is to __________.

A genomic library is _____.

a collection of cloned DNA fragments from an organism's genome
this collection can be a plasmid library or a phage library.

A scientist wishes to prepare a genomic library, but the DNA to be cloned is large. What vector should be used?

bacterial artificial chromosomes

The enzyme that converts information stored in RNA to information stored in DNA is

What purpose does a nucleic acid probe serve?

It helps identify genes that have been inserted into bacterial plasmids.
A nucleic acid probe is a short single-stranded probe of either DNA or RNA that is complementary to the sequence of interest. It can bind to the sequence of interest in a plasmid or gel, revealing the location of that sequence.

A eukaryotic gene was inserted into the DNA of a bacterium. The bacterium then transcribed this gene into mRNA and translated the mRNA into protein. The protein produced was useless; it contained many more amino acids than the protein made by the eukaryote. Why?

The mRNA was not spliced as it is in eukaryotes.
The bacterium did not remove the introns from the eukaryotic gene.

A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is detected in an inheritable disorder that deletes the restriction site for HindIII. When the DNA from two individuals (one with and one without this disorder) is cut with this enzyme and then analyzed by gel electrophoresis, the resulting samples will be __________.

of different sizes. The individual with the disease will have fewer fragments than an individual without this disorder
The SNP removes a restriction site and as a result produces a fragment that will be larger. There would be fewer, longer fragments as opposed to more, shorter ones.

What does the term restriction fragment length polymorphism mean?

fragments of DNA that are different lengths in different individuals
Cutting DNA with a restriction enzyme produces restriction fragments of different lengths in different individuals. These restriction fragments, when separated by gel electrophoresis, produce different patterns.

Approximately what percentage of the human genome actually encodes proteins?

Only about 3% of the total human genome actually encodes for the production of proteins.

Analyses of human and Neanderthal FOXP2 genes have revealed that __________.

Neanderthals may have had the ability to speak
Researchers have identified a gene called FOXP2 that is implicated in the ability of humans but not chimps to communicate by speech. Neanderthals had the human version of this gene, suggesting that they may have had the ability to speak.

Hox genes encode for what?

Nuclear transplantation experiments provide strong evidence that

Differentiated vertebrate cells maintain their full complement of DNA.

The amount of DNA ____ every cycle in PCR

Restriction enzymes are made by

are made by bacteria not humans

regulation of gene expression

What do you call an unpaired nucleotide produced by the action of restriction enzyme?

The unpaired nucleotide produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred as sticky ends. Sticky ends are very useful in rDNA because they can be used to join two different fragments of DNA that were isolated by the same restriction enzyme. So, the correct answer is "sticky ends"

Which enzymes produce DNA ends with unpaired nucleotide basses?

Restriction endonucleases are a group of enzymes that can recognise and cut specific sequences of DNA into fragments with sticky ends. These are pieces of DNA that have unpaired nucleotides at the end of them.

What is the enzymatic function of restriction enzymes?

To add new nucleotides to the growing strand of DNA.

What enzyme forms a bond between restriction fragments?

Answer and Explanation: When one wants to put restriction fragments back together, there is one enzyme well-suited to the task: DNA ligase. DNA ligase is an enzyme with multiple roles in cells.