Question 24 Short/Long Answer Questions - II
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Answer:
Solution: The two ways of charging a conductor are:
(i) Conduction: The process of charging the uncharged object by bringing it in contact with another charged object is called charging by conduction.
(ii) Induction: The process of charging the uncharged object by bringing another charged object near to it, but not touching it, is called charging by induction.
Video transcript
"Welcome to Neeta learnings question-and-answer videos. My name is Barnaby and I teach math and science at Lido the top of look at this very interesting question in front of us. So we have to state two ways of charging a conductor. How can we charge a conductor? Right? So two ways are which are very important and which we need to know down our conduction and induction. So what do we mean by conduction? Conduction is the process of charging the uncharged object by bringing. It didn't contact another charged object. So let's say over here. We have a and it is placed on insulating sand. Then when we bring a Charged conductor B and with touch it with a or we bring it in contact with a than an also gets charged. So this is the process of conduction charging by induction. Now, let's have a look at the second one as well. Object by bringing another charged object near to it. Now. This is all based on the same insulating stand. This is the insulating span. We bring a charged object. Enough to be neared its look here. It's not touching it. So what happens is due to this positive charge in the conductor. There is a negative charge or separation of charge that happens with energy that is on this side of it a negative charge has infused. This is called an induced charge. So the P or charged conductor has induced a charge on an as a result. This becomes negatively charged and all. The course it does it most of this type. We know that like charges repel each other, right? So that's why the is also positive. So this is positive the bells and quotes that and unlike charges. They attract each other the Forgiveness charge developed over here. This is called charging of a conductor or charging by induction. This is the first of induction. I hope you understood this. If you have any further questions, please post your comments below if you like this video Please don't forget to subscribe to your channel for more such videos. Thank you."
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The process of supplying the electric charge (electrons) to an object or losing the electric charge (electrons) from an object is called charging. An uncharged object can be charged in different ways.
When an object is rubbed over another object, the electrons get transferred from one object to another. This transfer of electrons takes place due to friction between the two objects. The object that transfers electrons loses negative charge (electrons) and the object that accepts electrons gains negative charge (electrons).
Hence, the object that gains extra electrons becomes negatively charged and the object that loses electrons becomes positively charged. Thus, the two objects get charged by friction. The charge obtained on the two objects is called friction charge. This method of charging an object is called electrification by friction.
The process of charging the uncharged object by bringing it in contact with another charged object is called charging by conduction.
A charged object has unequal number of negative (electrons) and positive charges (protons). Hence, when a charged object is brought in contact with the uncharged conductor, the electrons get transferred from charged object to the conductor.
Consider an uncharged metal rod A kept on an insulating stand and a negatively charged conductor B as shown in below figure (1).
If we touch the uncharged conductor A with the negatively charged conductor B, transfer of electrons from charged conductor to uncharged conductor takes place. Hence, uncharged conductor gains extra electrons and charged conductor loses electrons. Thus, uncharged conductor A becomes negatively charged by gaining of extra electrons.
Similarly, uncharged conductor becomes positively charged if it is brought in contact with positively charged conductor.
The process of charging the uncharged object by bringing another charged object near to it, but not touching it, is called charging by induction.
Consider an uncharged metal sphere and negatively charged plastic rod as shown in below figure (1). If we bring the negatively charged plastic rod near to uncharged sphere as shown in below fig (2), charge separation occurs.
The positive charges in the sphere get attracted towards the plastic rod and move to one end of the sphere that is closer to the plastic rod. Similarly, negative charges get repelled from the plastic rod and move to another end of the sphere that is farther away from the plastic rod. Thus, the charges in the sphere rearrange themselves in a way that all the positive charges are nearer to the plastic rod and all the negative charges are farther away from it.
If this sphere is connected to a ground through the wire as shown in fig (3), free electrons of the sphere at farther end flow to the ground. Thus, the sphere becomes positively charged by induction. If the plastic rod is removed as shown in fig (4) all the positive charges spread uniformly in the sphere.