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transect is intersected by tracks of red squirrels after a snowfall 20 Which of the following is the best natural example of uniform distribution? A.snails in an intertidal zone at low tide 21 In the figure above, which of the lines represents the highest per-capita rate increase (r)? A.line D 22 Starting from a single individual, what is the size of a population of bacteria at the end of a two-hour time period if they reproduce by binary fission every twenty minutes? (Assume unlimited resources and no mortality.) A.128 23 Which of the following graphs illustrates the population growth curve of single bacterium growing in a flask of ideal medium at optimum temperature over a two-hour period? 24 During exponential growth, a population always _____. A.grows at its maximum per capita rate 25 Consider two old-growth forests: one is undisturbed while the other is being logged. In which region are species likely to experience exponential growth, and why? A.Logged, because the various populations are stimulated to a higher reproductive potential. 26 The number of individuals that a particular habitat can support with no degradation of that habitat is called _____. A.carrying capacity 27 Imagine that you are managing a large game ranch. You know from historical accounts that a species of deer used to live there, but they have been extirpated. After doing some research to determine what might be an appropriately sized founding population, you reintroduce them. You then watch the population increase for several generations, and graph the number of individuals (vertical axis) against the number of generations (horizontal axis). With no natural predators impacting the population, the graph will likely appear as _____. A.a diagonal line, getting higher with each generation 28 In the figure above, which of the arrows represents the carrying capacity? A.arrow A 29 Which
statements about K are correct? A.only I and III 30 As N approaches K for a certain population, which of the following is predicted by the logistic equation? A.The growth rate will approach zero. 31 Which of the following causes populations to shift most quickly from an exponential to a logistic population growth? A.decreased death rate 32 According to the logistic growth equation, (dn/dt) = rmaxN(K-N)/K A.the per capita growth
rate (r) increases as N approaches K. 33 Which of the following conditions favors "big-bang" reproduction? A.high levels of parental care 34 Which of the following is regarded as a density-independent factor in the growth of natural populations? A.intraspecific competition 35 What is the primary limiting factor that determines why no female animal can produce a very large number of very large eggs? A.Time is limited. 36 Based on the figure above, which of the following statements correctly interprets the data? A.Clutch size decreases as female density increases.
37 Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between _____. A.high survival rates of offspring and the cost of parental care 38 Which of the following is characteristic of K-selected populations? A.a high intrinsic rate of increase 39 Graph (b) in the figure above shows the normal fluctuations of a population of grouse. Assuming graph (a) in the figure above is the result of some experimental treatment in the grouse population, what can be concluded? A.The experimental treatment exacerbated the population cycling. 40 Resource competition, territoriality, disease, and toxic wastes are some of the factors that provide _____ and help regulate population. A.metapopulations 41 What conclusion can you draw from the figure above? A.Hares control lynx population
size. 42 Looking at the data in the figure above from the hare/lynx experiment, what conclusion can you draw? A.only I 43 A population of white-footed mice becomes severely overpopulated in a habitat that has been disturbed by human activity. Sometimes intrinsic factors cause the population to increase in mortality and lower reproduction rates to occur in reaction to the stress of overpopulation. Which of the following is an example of intrinsic population control? A.All of the resources (food and shelter) are used up by overpopulation, and much of the population dies of exposure and/or starvation. 44 Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to increase in size will have what shape? A.Both a pyramid and a rectangle tapering toward the top result in a population that increases in size. 45 Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to decrease in size will have what shape? A.a rectangle tapering toward the top 46 Ignoring migration, the age structure diagram of a human population likely to maintain a relatively stable size will have what shape? A.Both a pyramid and a rectangle tapering toward the top result in a population that remains stable in size. 47 What are population dynamics? A.Number of individuals born each year in a population. 48 Which of the following statements about age pyramids is true? A.Populations in developed countries grow more quickly than populations in less-developed countries. 49 True or false? The growth rate of a certain population increases very quickly for a time and then levels off to zero. The most likely reason that the growth rate leveled off to zero is that the environment reached its carrying capacity. A.True 50 The average age of childbearing in country A is 26, whereas the average age in country B is 30. In each country, the average number of offspring per woman is 3. Which of the following statements about the population growth rate in each country must be true? A.The population growth rate in country A is lower than in country B. 51 In 1970, the average age of childbearing was 28, and the average number of offspring per woman was 3 in a certain country. In 1980, the average age of childbearing was still 28, but the average number of offspring per woman was 2 in that country. If the death rate in the country remained constant during those years, how did the population growth rate change from 1970 to 1980? A.The population growth rate stayed the same. 52 A broad-based pyramid-shaped age structure is characteristic of a population that is _____. A.limited by density-dependent factors 53 Which of the following is the most accurate statement on Earth's carrying capacity for humans? A.When it comes to humans, the concept of K is
irrelevant. 54 A recent study of ecological footprints concluded that _____. A.it is not possible for technological improvements to increase Earth's carrying capacity for humans 55 What is a logical conclusion that can be drawn from the graphs above? Developed countries have _____. A.lower infant mortality rates and lower life expectancy than developing countries 56 Why does the 2009 U.S. population continue to grow even though the United States has essentially established a zero population growth (ZPG)? A.emigration Which of the following statements is true about the interaction between the hare and lynx populations?So, increase in hare population increase food availability for lynx population. This causes an increase in lynx population size. The decline is hare population causes the decline in lynx population as lynx face feed scarcity. Thus, the correct answer is C.
Which hypothesis is most consistent with these data on hare and lynx populations in the graph?Which hypothesis is most consistent with these data on hare and lynx populations in the graph? Lynx likely control hare population density.
Which of the following traits is characteristic of K selected populations?Answer and Explanation: K-selected populations produce few offspring with a high chance of survival. These individuals have a long life expectancy, can reproduce more than once, then die more rapidly as they age.
What is the primary limiting factor that determines why no female animal?What is the primary limiting factor that determines why no female animal can produce a very large number of very large eggs? There are energy constraints.
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