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Terms in this set (25)Which of the examples below illustrates the economic principle of a negative externality? cost of transportation of goods from the site of production to a market cost of rebuilding roads damaged by trucks heavily loaded with goods How did the Scottish philosopher Adam Smith view the role of economics within society? He believed that
individuals acting in their self-interest would harm society. He argued that individuals acting in self-interest would
benefit society (as long as their behavior was constrained by private property rights). Which approach assists consumers in choosing products that are grown or manufactured with environmentally friendly methods? Energy Star labeling ecolabeling Economists assess the economic health of a nation by calculating its _______. net primary productivity Gross Domestic Product Which kind of development would be promoted if a government worked on finding a balance between economic security, environmental protection, and social equity? cornucopian sustainable Which book by Aldo Leopold advocated an ethical approach to land that changes the role of humans from conquerors to mere members of the planet? A Sand County Almanac The Land Ethic The environmental justice movement started because _______. Aldo Leopold published The Land Ethic. people realized that environmental damage is not equally distributed among all classes and racial groups; minority and low-income communities tend to contain a much larger share of the environmental damage (such as landfills, incinerators, toxic waste sites, etc.) What are nonmarket values? the cost of disposing of the waste that is associated with manufacturing certain products values
for items such as ecosystem services that are not usually included in the price of a good or service In which of the following ways did neoclassical economics contribute to environmental problems? by encouraging society to view the supply of resources as infinite by encouraging society to view the supply of resources as infinite What is meant by "market failure"? The national GDP drops below the level forecast by Wall Street investors. This occurs when markets do not take into account the environment's positive effects on economies (such as ecosystem services) or when they do not reflect the negative impacts of economic activity on people or the environment (external costs). Which type of ethical perspective is held by an individual who opposes the building of a new dam, which would generate needed hydropower, if the dam would cause the extinction of an entire species? environmentalism biocentrism The conservation ethic suggested that _______. citizens be required to recycle resources should be
used from natural areas but in a responsible way such that they are not depleted How does the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) differ from the GPI (Genuine Progress Indicator)? GPI calculates the total value of goods and services, while the GDP focuses on just the goods produced. The GPI takes into account externalities (both good and bad) and other nonmarket values, while the GDP does not. How does pollution change the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)? GDP goes down when society pays to remove the substance from the environment. GDP goes up when the polluting substance is produced and again when society pays to remove the substance from the environment. n a subsistence economy, individuals _______.
live in harmony with their environment and do not pose a threat to it meet most of their needs from nature, but may trade for local goods made by different clans or families Two individuals can look at the same environmental problem and come up with exactly the opposite solution, although both individuals have sound explanations based on their culture. This reflects a difference in _____. worldview worldview A universalist would argue that an ethical standard like _____ exists across all cultures and contexts. the intrinsic standard the categorical imperative Suppose someone said, "Earth and all of its contents were created for the betterment of human beings, so as long as something is good for humans, it is good for the whole Earth." What ethical perspective would they hold? biocentric anthropocentric During what century did consumption of natural resources and pollution increase dramatically for the first time in human history? The 15th century The 19th century
Two scientists are debating the responsibility of humans to the environment. The first debater says, "We should maintain the environment in its most natural state as if we hadn't been here at all." The second says, "We should use the environmental resources available to us but not abuse them." Which two scientists discussed in this chapter would have made these comments, respectively? Emerson; Thoreau Muir; Pinchot Members of the _____ movement would be very concerned about the unequal exposure of members of a certain race to pollution. human population environmental justice What kind of economy does the United States have? hybrid capitalist/socialist hybrid capitalist/socialist
A country based on _____ would relate most easily with the ideas asserted by Adam Smith. capitalism capitalism While in the grocery store, Maria chooses to purchase the soy milk produced from nongenetically modified soybeans over the brand grown conventionally. Maria has made use of _____ for her decision. ecolabeling ecolabeling A company that produces household cleaners decides to produce a "green" version of its products, even though the formulas are virtually unchanged compared to the original formulas. This is an example of _______. greenwashing greenwashing Sets with similar termsEnvironmental Chapter 6: Ethics, Economics, and Su…25 terms carliderda_ Ch. 6 Environmental Science25 terms Katie_Boland13 ENVR 1401 Chapter 6 HW LAB33 terms ashleycool Sets found in the same folderpractice test ch 725 terms reid_lamb Practice test ch 237 terms reid_lamb ENVR 1401 Chapter 6 HW LAB33 terms khoa1014 Practice test ch 427 terms reid_lamb Other sets by this creatoryup22 terms reid_lamb In Class Activities25 terms reid_lamb Ch 1 quiz10 terms reid_lamb Chapter 137 terms reid_lamb Other Quizlet setsGeography Ch 139 terms miadeye FUNDA 150 terms Shannen_Elizze Mortgage loan origination activites22 terms cbartosik7PLUS Accounting final.38 terms Micah_Bogue3 Related questionsQUESTION What would a care ethicist be likely to say about a situation where they could provide college for free for 79 billion dollars by taking that out of the military budget of 686 billion dollars? 2 answers QUESTION what is the best characterization of Aristotle's version of virtue ethics? 7 answers QUESTION 49% of universities ran a deficit on men's sport with a median loss of $4.4 million. 3 answers QUESTION History has ended, according to the author (15) 3 answers In which of the following ways the neoclassical economics contribute to environmental problems?' Neoclassical theory states that environmental degradation will translate itself into a loss of efficiency. The argument is that both "rapid" extraction rates and "externalities" will inevitably bring about a departure from optimum allocation of resources (the so-called Pareto efficiency).
Which of the following is the main concern of neoclassical economics quizlet?Which of the following is the main concern of neoclassical economics? This occurs when markets do not take into account the environment's positive effects on economies (such as ecosystem services) or when they do not reflect the negative impacts of economic activity on people or the environment (external costs).
What is the basic mainstream neoclassical approach to address environmental problem?At the heart of the neoclassical approach to environmental economics is the aim to turn the environment into a commodity which can be analysed like any other commodity. The preliminary exercise is to break down the environment into its constituent goods and services.
What are the four fundamental assumptions of neoclassical economics that often contribute to environmental degradation?FOUR fundamental assumptions of neoclassical economics often contribute to environmental degradation: 1) Are resources infinite or substitutable? 2) Should we discount the future? 3) Are all cost and benefits internal?
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In which of the following ways did neoclassical economics contribute to environmental problems?
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