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Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

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Answer

Verified

Hint: The process of digestion is done with the help of the digestive enzymes. The protein digestion starts in the stomach when the protein digesting enzyme pepsin activates. The HCL provides an acidic medium to activate several enzymes. The chief cells and parietal cells are present in the stomach.

Complete answer:
• The body contains two types of glands for the secretion of the hormones: the exocrine glands and the endocrine glands. The hormones and neurotransmitters regulate the secretions of various cells in the body. In the stomach, two types of exocrine secretory cells are present that are parietal cells and the chief cells. HCL is secreted from the parietal cells while the chief cells secrete digestive juices such as pepsin.
• Pepsinogen is known as the inactive precursor of the pepsin. It is the principal proteolytic enzyme in the gastric juice. Pepsinogen activates in the acidic medium. The active form of the pepsinogen is called pepsin. It helps in the breakdown of the proteins.
• The gastric glands secrete gastric juices which contain several enzymes essential for the breakdown of the carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
• The intestinal cells of the small intestine secrete mucus and several enzymes such as peptidase, sucrose, maltase, lactase, lipase, and enterokinase.
• From the above information we have found that gastric chief cells secrete the pepsinogen.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: The small amount of the pepsinogen is present in the serum of the healthy ruminants. The HCL secreted from the gastric glands is very essential for the digestion of the food. Most of the carbohydrate breakdown occurs in the mouth, with the help of the salivary amylase in the saliva. Protease helps in the breakdown of proteins while the lipase helps in the breakdown of fats.

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

1

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The polymers in food are broken down into their constituent monomers by ____ reactions in the digestive tract. (p. 562)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
polymerization
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
absorption
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
condensation
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
hydrolysis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

2

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The digestive system is specialized to perform all of the following functions except (p. 563)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
deglutition
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
peristalsis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
metabolism
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
defecation
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

3

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Which of the following locations does not belong with the others? (p. 563)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
buccal cavity
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
stomach
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
salivary glands
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
small intestine
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

4

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Which of the following is not considered to be an accessory organ of the digestive system?(p. 563)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
teeth
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
rectum
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
pancreas
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
gallbladder
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

5

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Which of the following is a subdivision and does not belong with the other layers of the gastrointestinal wall? (p. 564)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
mucosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lamina propria
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
submucosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
serosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

6

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Inner circular and outer longitudinal layers are characteristic of the ____ layer of the digestive tract. (p. 564)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lamina propria
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
muscularis mucosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
submucosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
muscularis externa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

7

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract is the (p. 565)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
muscularis mucosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
muscularis externa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
serosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
mucosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

8

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Most of the digestive system receives its parasympathetic innervation from the (p. 565)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
vagus nerve
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
thoracic spinal nerves
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lumbar spinal nerves
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
sacral spinal nerves
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

9

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Swallowed food first enters the ____ of the stomach. (p. 567)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
fundus
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
corpus (body)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
cardiac region
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
antrum
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

10

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

To enter the small intestine, partially digested food must pass through the (p. 567)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
gastroesophageal sphincter
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
pyloric sphincter
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
ileocecal valve
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
sphincter of Oddi
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

11

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Mucus is secreted throughout much of the alimentary canal by (p. 568)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
G cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
enterochromaffin-like cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
parietal cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
goblet cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

12

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Which of the following cell types does not belong with the others? (p. 568)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
alpha cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
G cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
enterochromaffin-like cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
parietal cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

13

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Pepsinogen is produced in the stomach by (p. 568)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
chief cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
parietal cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
enterochromaffin-like cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
goblet cells
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

14

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The hydrochloric acid secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach serves all of the following purposes, except (p. 569)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
the low pH produced by HCl makes pepsin more active
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
the acid helps convert pepsinogen into pepsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
it denatures dietary proteins and makes them more digestible
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
it hydrolyzes the peptide bonds between the amino acids of dietary proteins
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

15

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The most important function of the stomach, and perhaps the only function that appears to be essential for life is the (p. 568)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
digestion of carbohydrates
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
digestion of proteins
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
absorption of monosaccharides
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
secretion of intrinsic factor
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

16

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Contributing factors in acute gastritis include all of the following except (p. 571)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
regurgitation of bile salts from the duodenum into the stomach
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
deficiency of bicarbonate
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
histamine secretion
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

17

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The absorptive surface area of the small intestine is increased by all of the following except (p. 571)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
villi
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
microvilli
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
crypts of Lieberkühn
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
plicae circulares
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

18

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

All of the following substances except ____ stimulate the secretion of gastric acid. (p. 587)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
epinephrine
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
gastrin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
histamine
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
acetylcholine
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

19

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The longest part of the small intestine is the (p. 571)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
duodenum
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
jejunum
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
ileum
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
cecum
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

20

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

More ____ is absorbed by the duodenum and the jejunum than by the ileum. (p. 571)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
vitamin B12
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
water
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
carbohydrate
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
bile salt
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

21

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The lacteals of the small intestine are found in the (p. 571)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Crypts of Lieberkühn
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
central core of each villus
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
submucosa
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
each microvillus
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

22

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The lacteals of the small intestine absorb (p. 573)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
monosaccharides
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
amino acids
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
electrolytes
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lipids
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

23

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The term brush border refers to the ____ of the alimentary canal. (p. 573)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
plicae circulares
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
rugae
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
microvilli
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
villi
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

24

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Which of the following is a brush border enzyme? (p. 573)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
pepsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lactase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
trypsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
amylase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

25

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

A person typically drinks about 1,500 ml of water each day and takes in about 700 ml of water each day as moisture in food. The total amount of water received by the small intestine each day is, approximately (p. 577)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
700 ml
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
1,500 ml
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
2,200 ml
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
8,000 ml
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

26

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Lactose, salt, or other solutes that increase the osmolarity of the contents of the colon tend to cause (p. 577)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
diverticulitis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
acute gastritis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
diarrhea
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
ulcerative colitis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

27

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The ____ prevent(s) feces from entering the anal canal when it is an inopportune time to defecate. (p. 577)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
haustra
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
anal sphincters
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
ileocecal valve
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
diverticula
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

28

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The bile contains all of the following components except (p. 580)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lecithin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
albumin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
cholesterol
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
urobilinogen
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

29

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The liver performs all of the following functions except the (p. 581)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
synthesis of digestive enzymes
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
conversion of glucose to fat
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
phagocytosis of contaminating particles in the blood
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
storage and release of glucose
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

30

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The liver synthesizes all of the following except (p. 583)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
plasma albumin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
fibrinogen
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
plasma globulins
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
immunoglobulins
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

31

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Urine and feces get their characteristic colors from which of the following pigments? (p. 581)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
urobilinogen
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
free bilirubin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
conjugated bilirubin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
bile salts
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

32

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid are the main ____ in humans. (p. 581)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
bile salts
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
bile pigments
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
bile globulins
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
conjugated bilirubin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

33

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

A high rate of red blood cell destruction, with elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, causes (p. 581)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
diverticulitis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
gallstones
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
jaundice
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lithotripsy
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

34

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The liver detoxifies ammonia by converting it to (p. 582)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
bilirubin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
urea
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
uric acid
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
nothing, since ammonia is processed by the kidneys and not the liver
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

35

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The primary effect and purpose of hydroxylating steroid hormones in the liver is to (p. 583)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
raise their pH and prevent acidosis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
activate them so they can perform their hormonal functions
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
make them less biologically active, more water soluble, and more easily excreted.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
incorporate them into micelles so they can be secreted into the bile.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

36

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The liver is able to make glucose from non-carbohydrates such as amino acids and fatty acids when the body's need for glucose is not met from dietary intake or glycogen reserves. This process is called (p. 583)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
glycogenesis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
glycogenolysis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lipogenesis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
gluconeogenesis
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

37

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Pancreatic juice does not include the following substance. (p. 585)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
insulin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
trypsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
amylase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
bicarbonate
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

38

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Many of the pancreatic enzymes must be activated by trypsin before they can begin digesting food, but trypsin itself requires the activating effect of (p. 585)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
chymotrypsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
carboxypeptidase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
phospholipase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
enterokinase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

39

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The first hormone ever discovered was (p. 586)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
insulin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
secretin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
gastrin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
cholecystokinin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

40

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The smell, taste, or just the thought of food can activate gastric secretion and stomach motility by activating the (p. 587)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
sympathetic nervous system
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
release of gastrin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
vagus nerve
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
release of cholecystokinin (CCK)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

41

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The G cells of the stomach secrete gastrin in response to a couple of stimuli. One stimulus triggering gastrin release is the presence of (p. 588)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
fatty acids from lipids in the stomach chyme.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
the hormone somatostatin from the stomach D cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
short polypeptides and free amino acids in the chyme of the stomach.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
hydrochloric acid mixed with the stomach chyme.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

42

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Contraction of the gallbladder is stimulated by neural reflex as well as by the action of (p. 587)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
cholecystokinin (CCK)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
secretin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
guanylin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
somatostatin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

43

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The digestive enzyme that is most active at a pH of 2, is (p. 592)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
salivary amylase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
pancreatic amylase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
pepsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
trypsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

44

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

More of the total daily calories in the average American diet come from the consumption of ____ than from any of these other components. (p. 592)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lipids
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
carbohydrates
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
nucleic acids
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
proteins
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

45

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Three of the following are endopeptidases, with ____ as the only exopeptidase. (p. 593)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
trypsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
elastase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
chymotrypsin
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
carboxypeptidase
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

46

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Each villus of the small intestine contains a lymphatic vessel called a lacteal which is specialized for the absorption of digested (p. 594)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
milk
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
carbohydrate molecules
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
protein molecules
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
lipid molecules
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

47

Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

The role of the enzyme, lipoprotein lipase is to (p. 594)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
A)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
emulsify dietary lipids so they can be digested more efficiently.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
B)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
remove triglycerides from chylomicrons in the blood.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
C)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
form micelles in the small intestine.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
D)
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.
digest lipids so they can be absorbed by the intestinal cells.
Pepsinogen is secreted by ____ cells.

Which cells contain pepsinogen?

Pepsinogen is synthesized in the chief and mucous neck cells of the fundic region of the gastric mucosa and stored as secretory granules [95,96]. The stomach secretes stored pepsinogen in response to hormonal and neural stimuli [97].

Is pepsinogen secreted by Oxyntic cells?

Pepsinogen is secreted from peptic (or chief) cells in the oxyntic gland. Some pepsinogen is also secreted from mucosal cells in the gastric antrum and the duodenum. In the presence of gastric acid this proenzyme is converted into active pepsin, which itself catalyzes further conversion from pepsinogen.

Where are pepsinogen producing cells found?

Pepsinogens are synthesized and secreted primarily by the gastric chief cells of the human stomach before being converted into the proteolytic enzyme pepsin, which is crucial for digestive processes in the stomach.

How do chief cells secrete pepsinogen?

Chief cells release the zymogen (enzyme precursor) pepsinogen when stimulated by a variety of factors including cholinergic activity from the vagus nerve and acidic condition in the stomach. Gastrin and secretin may also act as secretagogues.

pepsinogen secreted ____ cells Pepsinogen function Pepsin function Chief cells Parietal cells secrete

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