Where does Deck the Halls come from?

'Deck the Halls' Song History

This Christmas carol was once an ode to New Year's Eve

The popular "Deck the Halls" song is a Christmas carol that dates back to the sixteenth century. It wasn't always associated with Christmas, however; the melody comes from a Welsh winter song called "Nos Galan," which is actually about New Year's Eve. 

The first time "Deck the Halls" was published with English lyrics was in 1862, in Welsh Melodies, Vol. 2, featuring Welsh lyrics by John Jones and English lyrics written by Thomas Oliphant.

'Deck the Halls' and Songwriter Thomas Oliphant

Oliphant was a Scottish songwriter and author who was responsible for many popular songs and writings. He made his way by writing new lyrics to old melodies, interpreting foreign songs into English; not necessarily directly translating, but, as in "Deck the Halls," coming up with lyrics that fit the mood of the song. He became a lyricist for the court of Queen Victoria and eventually became a popular translator of music. 

Where the old Welsh lyrics for "Nos Galan" sang of the impending new year, Oliphant's folk composition in English lauded the onset of the Christmas holiday, calling for the decoration and merriment which typically accompanies the celebration, including a line about drinking that was later revised: 

Deck the halls with boughs of holly
Fa la la la la la la la la
'Tis the season to be jolly
Fa la la la la la la la la
Fill the mead cup, drain the barrel
Fa la la la la la la la la
Troll the ancient yuletide carol
Fa la la la la la la la la

Whereas the original Welsh lyrics were about winter, love and cold weather:

Oh! How soft my fair one's bosom,
Fa la la la la la la la la
Oh! How sweet the grove in blossom,
Fa la la la la la la la la
Oh! How blessed are the blisses,
Fa la la la la la la la la
Words of love, and mutual kisses,
Fa la la la la la la la la 

Oliphant was interested in capturing the spirit of the song, including the "fa la la" refrain. This part of the song, which has become its signature feature in modern iterations, was probably an addition from the middle ages when there was a tendency of Madrigal choruses to fill songs with a kind of vocal break between verses.

'Deck the Halls' Madrigal Influence

Madrigals were a traditional secular musical form during the Rennaissance in Europe and were typically sung a cappella (without instrumental accompaniment). They usually featured poetry set to music, with a composer adding "accompaniment" sections for some voices (such as "fa la la"). 

Oliphant was Honorary Secretary of the Madrigal Society, where he mostly reinterpreted Italian madrigal songs into English. Most of his translations were in a similar style to "Deck the Halls," with entirely new lyrics set to familiar melodies. 

American Christmas Carol

Another version of the lyrics, which removes the references to drinking and is close to the one commonly recited today, was published in the 1877 edition of the Pennsylvania School Journal. It still uses the singular "Hall" and changes "Yuletide" to "Christmas."

Deck the hall with boughs of holly
Fa la la la la la la la la
Tis the season to be jolly
Fa la la la la la la la la
Don we now our gay apparel
Fa la la la la la la la la
Troll the ancient Christmas carol
Fa la la la la la la la la 

But the modern version of "Deck the Halls," which is sung by choirs and carolers across the country, is the one published in an 1866 songbook titled simply The Song Book (although in that publication it's titled "Deck the Hall"). 

The pluralization of "halls" is probably something that just took shape as more and more people took to singing it. By then, the song had been appropriated by folk musicians and others, including Mozart, who used it as a launching pad for a piano-violin duet. 

Deck the halls is a phrase that one may hear during the holiday season. We will examine the definition of the term deck the halls, where it came from and some examples of its use in sentences.

To deck the halls means to decorate for Christmas, especially if one will be entertaining guests. These decorations. may include centerpieces, swags or a garland made of branches or boughs of fir, pine, cedar, balsam or greenery from other types of evergreen limbs. Garlands or wreaths may include smaller Christmas decorative touches such as ribbon, ornaments, or pine cones. To hang a holiday wreath such as a berry wreath is a joyous touch.  At Christmas time, the front door is often decorated, making things festive and merry, bringing cheer inside and outside the house. Decking the halls is not confined to literally decorating halls. During the Christmas season, people celebrate by hanging stockings and displaying candles, mistletoe, a figurine of a reindeer, angel, snowman or Santa Clause, nativity sets, baskets, tinsel, bells, a poinsettia, a Christmas tree with tree decorations such as ornaments, colored lights and other Christmas decorations, and any seasonal family treasure or handmade crafts that are a tradition for their particular family. Whether natural decorations from the outdoors or artificial metallic items made of glitter and sparkle, these seasonal adornments create a winter wonderland and bring yuletide spirit. The phrase deck the halls is derived from a well-loved Christmas song, entitled Deck the Halls: “Deck the halls with boughs of holly / Fa la la la la la la la la / ‘Tis the season to be jolly / Fa la la la la la la la la.” One of many Christmas carols with older roots, Deck the Halls takes its melody from the Welsh air Nos Galan which means New Year’s Eve, and dates at least to the 1500s. The lyrics that we sing today were written in 1862 by Thomas Oliphant, a Scottish musician. In this case, the word deck is used to mean to adorn with something ornamental, from the Dutch word decken, meaning to cover. This use of the verb to deck is seen in the phrase all decked out, used to describe someone who has dressed in finery. Related phrases are decks the halls, decked the halls, decking the halls.

ExamplesDowntown Winchester will deck the halls for the Holly Jolly Celebration (The Winchester Star)

At the time “Deck the Halls” made its debut in the United States of the late 19th century, American Jews with a hankering for holiday décor were encouraged to think of Sukkot, not Hanukkah, as the answer to their prayers. (Tablet Magazine)

While the fourth annual Deck the Halls in Pilot Mountain event started with a cold winter rain, the skies soon cleared and Christmas shoppers, along with their families, and others made their way downtown in Pilot Mountain to enjoy a variety of festivities. (The Mount Airy News)

Sandy Springs is decking the halls of City Springs with a set of holiday events, kicked off by the city’s first annual Christmas tree and menorah lighting. (Reporter Newspapers)

What does the phrase Deck the Halls mean?

Meaning: “Deck the halls” comes from an old Christmas carol, or song, and it simply means to put up decorations at Christmas time.

Who originally wrote Deck the Halls?

John Ceiriog HughesDeck the Halls / Lyricistnull

Where in the UK did the song Deck the Halls originate?

The melody for 'Deck The Hall's' originated in Wales in the 16th century and belonged to the Welsh New Year's Eve carol 'Nos Galan'. In 1862 Thomas Oliphant translated and adapted the carol for Christmas and 'Deck the halls with boughs of holly' was born.

Where was Deck the Halls made?

The film was originally entitled All Lit Up, and while it was set in the United States, it was shot in Cloverdale, Surrey, Ocean Park, Surrey, and other locations throughout Metro Vancouver.