What is Madisons view of human nature and how does it affect his recommendations for the Republic?

How is the separation of powers between the three branches assured?

What are the three branches of government?

Name __________________________________________ Period ____________ Date ___________________________ Questions for Federalist #51 1. What are the three branches of government? The three branches of government are the judiciary, the executive, and the legislative. 2. Which branch did Madison think would be the weWe also discuss several other topics like What is an example of a slope of a line?

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akest? Madison believed the executive branch would be the weakest. 3. Which methods does Madison suggest to check the powers of government? The three separate branches, according to Madison, should have little power over each other and should not have much authority in who is appointed in each branch. 4. How is the separation of powers between the three branches assured? Separation of powers is assured by giving each branch the ability to make sure the other branches do no step out of their boundaries. This is known and checks and balances. 5. Give two examples of the "checks and balances" in the U.S. constitutional system. Examples of checks and balances in the U.S constitutional system is the executive branches ability to veto bills or laws and the legislations ability to go over the executive branches veto. Another example is the judicial review. 6. Which branch appears as an exception to the separation of powers norm? Why is this exception not dangerous? The legislative branch is an exception to the separation of powers norm since it naturally has more power. In order to make this not dangerous, the legislative branch has divisions in it. 7. What is federalism? Federalism is a form of government in which power is granted by the people. The government is divided into two distinct governments, state and federal, which control each other and themselves. 8. What are the two great advantages of federalism, according to Madison? Federalism gives people a double security since there are two distinct governments each with different powers yet both can keep each other in check. The second advantage is that with federalism, everyone’s voice can be heard whether it is on the federal level or the state level. 9. What is the "end" (supreme goal) of government, according to Madison? According the Madison, justice is the end of government. 10. What is Madison's view of human nature and how does it affect his prescriptions for the republic? Madison believes it is human nature to be ambitious and to seek power. Due to this, he suggests that not only should the government be able to control its people, it should also be able to control itself. The ambition found in humanity is why federalism is believed to be the best idea. It offers a double security for the people and enables for every person to have some kind of voice in the government. Questions for Federalist #10 1. How does Madison define “faction”? What are some examples of factions today? According the Madison, a faction is a group of people united by the same passion, interests, or common goal. Examples of factions today would be different religious groups, such as Christians, Muslims, Hindus, etc., different political parties, such as Republican and Democratic, and prolife and pro choice groups. 2. What are the two methods of curing the mischief caused by factions? The two methods for curing mischief caused by the factions are to either remove the causes or to control its effects. Name __________________________________________ Period ____________ Date ___________________________ 3. What are the two ways of eliminating the causes of faction? Why are both unacceptable? The first way to eliminate factions is to take away their liberty however, that would be more destructive. It would only cause the problem to get worse. The second way is to give in to all of their demands however, this would end up in groups gaining more favors than others and it simply is not possible to give into all of a factions demands without some sort of compromise. 4. According to Madison, what is the primary cause of conflict? The primary cause of conflict is the differences in opinion among people. 5. What issues divided mankind in 1787? Are those issues similar to the causes of today’s divisions? The issues that divided mankind in 1787 is the passing of the Constitution and decisions on what would be done with the issue of slavery, rights, etc. The only issue that is similar to today’s divisions is the recent movement for gay and transgender rights. It has currently divided our country into those who are against gays and transgender people, those who are for them, and those who just do not care. 6. What are the two remedies for controlling the effects of factions? The two remedies for controlling the effects of factions are relying on whether the faction consists of minorities or majorities. If the faction is not a majority, due to republican principle, they will not be able to gain enough political power because majority vote will always defeat them. If the faction consists of the majority, it may be necessary to seek some kind of compromise in order to prevent violence. 7. Why are factions more easily controlled in large republics? Factions are more easily controlled in large republics because it would be harder for them to gain power among a larger population. Their representatives would have difficulty getting elected if the public does not agree with them. 8. How does federalism control factions? Federalism controls factions by respecting their views in lower levels of government but not making it a nationwide issue. Conflicts created by factions can be dealt with on a smaller scale and dealt with more easily through federalism. 9. Does Madison have an optimistic or pessimistic view of human nature? How did this viewpoint impact the drafting of the Constitution? Madison seems to have a pessimistic view of human nature. He believes mankind is driving by ambition thus, elements such as separation of powers and checks and balances were incorporated into the Constitution. 10. Was Madison right, or have factions sometimes gained control of our government? Factions have occasionally gained control of our government since some are just large enough to overcome the majority rule and republic system.