Derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement.

1. For very dilute solutions, the osmotic pressure follows the equation,

`pi = ("n"_2 "RT")/"V"`        ....(1)

2. If the mass of solute in V litres of a solution is W2 and its molar mass is

`"M"_2`, then `"n"_2 = "W"_2/"M"_2`

Substituting the value of n2 in equation (1), we get

`pi = ("W"_2 "RT")/("M"_2 "V")`

∴ `"M"_2 = ("W"_2 "RT")/(pi "V")`

This formula can be used for the calculation of molar mass of a nonionic solute (i.e., nonelectrolyte), by osmotic pressure measurement.

derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement

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derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement

answer :π=mW×V1×S. T⟶ From this equation molar mass can be determined.

Solution :  According to Van.t Hoff equation<br>`pi= CRT`<br> `c=n/V` <br> Here, n= number of moles of solute dissolved in .V. litre of the solution.<br> Therefore, `pi =n/Vxx RT` or<br>`piV = nRT`<br> In the solution is prepared by dissolving `w_B` g of non-volatile solute in `w_A` gof solvent, then the number of moles .n. is,<br>n=`w_B/M_B`<br> since M = molar mass of the solute<br> Substituting them in (I), we get<br>`pi= (w_B)/(V) (RT)/(pi)" "...(2)`<br> From the equation (2). molar mass of the solute can be calculated

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  • How molar mass of a solute is determined from osmotic pressure measurements?
  • How molar mass of a solute is determined from osmotic pressure measurements?
  • How molar mass of a solute is determined from osmotic pressure mea
  • How molar mass of a solute is determined from osmotic pressure measurements?
  • Determination Of Molecular Mass Of Non
  • Determination of molecular mass of non-volatile solute from osmotic pressure
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How molar mass of a solute is determined from osmotic pressure measurements?

Osmotic pressure symbol= π

Medium Open in App Solution Verified by Toppr π∝C [Molarity] π∝T

∴π=STC where S= solution constant

∵ Molarity=

(V) Volume in litres

Moles ​ and moles= Molar mass(m) weight(W) ​ ∴π= m W ​ × V 1 ​

×S.T⟶ From this equation molar mass can be determined.

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How molar mass of a solute is determined from osmotic pressure mea

Solution For How molar mass of a solute is determined from osmotic pressure measurements?

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How molar mass of a solute is determined from osmotic pressure measurements?

Solution

Osmotic pressure symbol= π

π∝C [Molarity] π∝T

∴π=STC where S= solution constant

∵ Molarity=

(V) Volume in litres

Moles ​ and moles= Molar mass(m) weight(W) ​ ∴π= m W ​ × V 1 ​

×S.T⟶ From this equation molar mass can be determined.

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Determination Of Molecular Mass Of Non

The osmotic pressure is a colligative property.For a given solvent the osmotic pressure depends only upon the molar concentration of solute but does not depend upon its nature…

DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR MASS OF NON-VOLATILE SOLUTE FROM OSMOTIC PRESSURE (P)

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Colligative Properties

Determination of Molecular Mass of non-volatile Solute from Osmotic Pressure (p)

Determination of molecular mass of non-volatile solute from osmotic pressure

The osmotic pressure is a colligative property.For a given solvent the osmotic pressure depends only upon the molar concentration of solute but does not depend upon its nature. The following relation relates osmotic pressure to the number of moles of the solute,

According to Boyle Van't Hoff law (at conc. temp.)

..... (i)

According to Gaylussac Van't Hoff law (at conc. temp.)

..... (ii)

From equation (i) and (ii)

, (Van't Hoff equation)

;

Here, C = concentration of solution in moles per litre

R = gas constant; T = temperature

n = number of moles of solute; V = volume of solution

m = molecular weight of solute; w = weight of solute

(iii) Conditions for getting accurate value of molecular mass are,

(a) The solute must be non-volatile.

(b) The solution must be dilute.

(c) The solute should not undergo dissociation or association in the solution.

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लिखित उत्तर

Solution :  According to Van.t Hoff equation<br>`pi= CRT`<br> `c=n/V` <br> Here, n= number of moles of solute dissolved in .V. litre of the solution.<br> Therefore, `pi =n/Vxx RT` or<br>`piV = nRT`<br> In the solution is prepared by dissolving `w_B` g of non-volatile solute in `w_A` gof solvent, then the number of moles .n. is,<br>n=`w_B/M_B`<br> since M = molar mass of the solute<br> Substituting them in (I), we get<br>`pi= (w_B)/(V) (RT)/(pi)" "...(2)`<br> From the equation (2). molar mass of the solute can be calculated

1. For very dilute solutions, the osmotic pressure follows the equation,

`pi = ("n"_2 "RT")/"V"`        ....(1)

2. If the mass of solute in V litres of a solution is W2 and its molar mass is

`"M"_2`, then `"n"_2 = "W"_2/"M"_2`

Substituting the value of n2 in equation (1), we get

`pi = ("W"_2 "RT")/("M"_2 "V")`

∴ `"M"_2 = ("W"_2 "RT")/(pi "V")`

This formula can be used for the calculation of molar mass of a nonionic solute (i.e., nonelectrolyte), by osmotic pressure measurement.

What is the expression for calculating the molar mass of a non volatile solute from the vapour pressure of the solution?

Solution : `(P^(@)-P_(S))/(P_(S)) = (n)/(N) = (wM)/(m xx W)`, Ocatne is `C_(8)H_(18)`.

What is osmotic pressure and derive relation between osmotic pressure and molar mass of solute?

The osmotic pressure of a solution is the pressure difference needed to stop the flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane. The osmotic pressure of a solution is proportional to the molar concentration of the solute particles in solution.

How is the molar mass of non volatile solute determined by osmotic pressure measurement?

π=mW×V1×S. T⟶ From this equation molar mass can be determined.