What happens when the body temperature drops quizlet?

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Terms in this set (21)

Why is it so important to maintain body temperature at 37 degrees C (98.6 degrees F)?

chemical reaction rated in the body will by affected

What events cause the body's temperature to change (4)?

exercise
fever
changes in environmental temps
cellular metabolism of body

Skin ensures that the amount of body heat lost = amount of body heat produced. How?

when body temperature rises ABOVE the set point, there are methods that may be used to lower temperature.

What are the methods used to lower body temperature (4)?

radiation
conduction
convection
evaporation

What happens in radiation?

heat escapes from warmer surfaces to cooler surroundings

What happens in conduction?

heat moves from body directly into molecules of cooler objects that are in contacts with body's surface

What are examples of conduction?

flipping a pillow
sitting on a cool chair

What happens in convection?

heat is lost to air and is replaced by cooler air moving toward the body

What are examples of convection?

sitting in front of fan or air conditioner

What happens in evaporation?

eccrine glands releasing sweat onto surface; as fluid changes from liquid to gas, it carries away the heat

What environmental scenarios causes these mechanisms NOT to work (2)?

humid days
extremely hot days

What mechanism has a decrease in effectiveness on humid days?

evaporation

What mechanism has a decrease in effectiveness on extremely hot days?

radiation

What happens when the mechanisms do not lower body body temperature?

leads to hyperthermia

What happens to blood vessels when the body temperature drops below the set point?

constrict to reduce heat loss through radiation, conduction, and convention

What happens to sweat glands when the body temperature drops below the set point?

are inactive

What is the benefit of shivering?

generates heat

What does the nervous system do if body temperature continues to drop?

stimulates muscles to contract which results in shivering

What causes hypothermia?

prolonged exposure to cold renders the body helpless after some time

What are symptoms of hypothermia (6)?

shivering and coldness
progression to confusion
lethargy
loss or reflexes
loss of consciousness
major organs shut down

How many degrees below normal can the extremities withstand?

20-30 degrees F

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What happens when the body's temperature drops?

When your body temperature drops, your heart, nervous system and other organs can't work normally. Left untreated, hypothermia can lead to complete failure of your heart and respiratory system and eventually to death. Hypothermia is often caused by exposure to cold weather or immersion in cold water.

How does your body react when the temperature decreases?

How does the body respond to a decrease or increase in core body temperature? If the temperature decreases:The blood vessels supplying the skin constrict (vasoconstriction) resulting in less blood flow to the skin surface and hence less energy (by heat) is lost.