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Epithelial tissues are widespread throughout the body. They form the covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands. They perform a variety of functions that include protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, filtration, diffusion, and sensory reception. The cells in epithelial tissue are tightly packed together with very little intercellular matrix. Because the tissues form coverings and linings, the cells have one free surface that is not in contact with other cells. Opposite the free surface, the cells are attached to underlying connective tissue by a non-cellular basement membrane. This membrane is a mixture of carbohydrates and proteins secreted by the epithelial and connective tissue cells. Epithelial cells may be squamous, cuboidal, or columnar in shape and may be arranged in single or multiple layers. Simple cuboidal epithelium is found in glandular tissue and in the kidney tubules. Simple columnar epithelium lines the stomach and intestines. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium lines portions of the respiratory tract and some of the tubes of the male reproductive tract. Transitional epithelium can be distended or stretched. Glandular epithelium is specialized to produce and secrete substances. The human body consists of four types of tissue: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous. Epithelial tissue covers the body, lines all cavities, and composes the glands. Learning Objectives Key Points
Key Terms
Functions of the EpitheliumEpithelia tissue forms boundaries between different environments, and nearly all substances must pass through the epithelium. In its role as an interface tissue, epithelium accomplishes many functions, including:
Characteristics of Epithelial LayersEpithelial tissue is composed of cells laid out in sheets with strong cell-to-cell attachments. These protein connections hold the cells together to form a tightly connected layer that is avascular but innervated in nature. The epithelial cells are nourished by substances diffusing from blood vessels in the underlying connective tissue. One side of the epithelial cell is oriented towards the surface of the tissue, body cavity, or external environment and the other surface is joined to a basement membrane. The basement layer is non-cellular in nature and helps to cement the epithelial tissue to the underlying structures. Types of Epithelial TissueEpithelial tissues are identified by both the number of layers and the shape of the cells in the upper layers. There are eight basic types of epithelium: six of them are identified based on both the number of cells and their shape; two of them are named by the type of cell (squamous) found in them. Epithelial tissue is classified based on the number of cells, the shape of those cells, and the types of those cells.
What are the properties of epithelial tissue?Epithelial tissue has the following characteristics:. Cellularity. Epithelial tissue is composed of cells that form sheets. ... . Cell junctions. Epithelial cells are joined together by different cells junctions. ... . Polarity. ... . Support. ... . Avascular. ... . Regeneration.. Which of the following properties apply to epithelial tissue?Which of the following properties apply to epithelial tissue? Has blood vessels, can repair itself (regenerate), cells joined by lateral contacts. Epithelial tissue can regenerate and its cells are joined by lateral contacts. Stratified epithelia are "built" for protection or to resist abrasion.
What are the 4 functions of epithelial tissue?Functions of epithelial tissue are secretion, protection, absorption, transportation and special sensory receptive.
Which of the following is not a property of epithelial tissue *?Final answer: Basement membrane is absent in epithelial tissue cells is not a characteristic of epithelial tissue.
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